Factores asociados a albuminuria en pacientes diabéticos en su primera consulta nefrológica
Resumen
Introducción: Determinar cuáles son los factores asociados a albuminuria en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 que acuden por primera vez a una consulta nefrológica en hospitales públicos de Lima. Material y métodos: Estudio multicéntrico de los pacientes diabéticos en su primera consulta nefrológica en el Hospital Nacional 2 de Mayo, Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión y Hospital María Auxiliadora entre septiembre 2011 y febrero 2012. Se realizó un análisis multivariado mediante regresión logística de los factores de riesgo para albuminuria. Resultados: Se estudiaron 200 pacientes diabéticos con edad media de 60,3 años. El 70% eran hipertensos, el 36,5% eran obesos, el 52,8% tenía dislipidemia y el 57% tenía una TFG < 60 ml/min. El 26,85% tenía albuminuria menor de 30 mg/24 horas; el 23,15% tenía albuminuria entre 30 a 300 mg/24horas y el 50% tenía albuminuria mayor de 300 mg/24 horas. El 11,11% de los pacientes en ERC estadio 5 no cursó con albuminuria. En el análisis multivariado la abuminuria se asoció a sexo femenino OR 3,721 (p=0.024) y al estadio de la ERC OR 1,926 (p=0.007). Conclusiones: Más de las tres cuartas partes de nuestros pacientes llegan a consulta con albuminuria y está asociada a sexo femenino y estadio de la ERC.
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