Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

Abstract

This is the case of a patient with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), a syndrome that can be potentially fatal. Its diagnosis is based on a medical condition compatible with this syndrome and, in addition, with the presence of antibodies.
HIT thromboses can take place one or two days after platelets diminish. Therefore, heparin should be immediately interrupted when HIT is highly suspected. Anticoagulation therapy is the treatment of choice even in the absence of a thrombosis. Fondaparinux can be a useful alternative. HIT can occur without the use of heparin during dialysis in the case of patients with catheters, even if precautions are taken when filling the tubes with the proper amount of heparin. In this case, sodium citrate can avoid a thrombosis if it is used with adequate precaution.