Hemolytic uremic syndrome
Abstract
El síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH) es una entidad clínica y anatomo-patológica caracterizada por presentación aguda de daño renal, anemia hemolítica microangiopática y trombocitopenia, que puede afectar otros parénquimas como intestino, sistema nervioso central, páncreas, corazón e hígado. En el lenguaje médico común el nombre de SUH diarrea positivo (SUH d+) o SUH típico describe la forma más frecuente de SUH en niños debido al daño provocado por la toxina de Shiga (TxS) 1,2 y sus variantes, producida por la bacteria Escherichia Coli (E. Coli), principalmente la cepa 0157:H7 o Shigella. Como contraposicion, la denominación de SUH atípico (SUHa) ha sido utilizada para describir cualquier SUH no debido a TxS. Otra denominación para el SUHa ha sido SUH diarrea negativo (SUH d-) debido a la ausencia de diarrea sanguinolenta previa, característica del SUHd+. Sin embargo, se han descripto pacientes con SUHa con pródromo de gastroenteritis. Por otro lado, se han encontrado SUH típico en niños por Escherichia Coli (E. Coli) productora de TxS luego de infecciones que no son colitis, como la infección urinaria.
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