Ejercicio físico y enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis
Resumen
La prevalencia e incidencia de la enfermedad renal crónica avanzada, ha crecido de manera progresiva en la mayoría de los países del mundo; en la actualidad hay aproximadamente 20.000 personas en terapia de remplazo renal en Colombia, lo que equivale a una prevalencia aproximada de 450 pacientes por millón de habitantes. La Hemodiálisis es el tratamiento sustitutivo de la función renal más común, y aunque permite suplir la función del riñón los sujetos sometidos al mismo pueden presentar numerosas alteraciones que conducen a una pérdida de capacidad física funcional y a una disminución en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. Se desconoce en qué medida la baja actividad física, la uremia y la anemia determinan la disminución en la capacidad funcional de estos pacientes. Las pruebas funcionales más frecuentemente utilizadas en la literatura publicada se caracterizan por su facilidad de aplicación y su bajo coste, pues no requieren de grandes instrumentos de medida para poder cuantificar cualidades básicas en los sujetos con alteración o disfunción del sistema renal desde la capacidad aeróbica, desempeño muscular y flexibilidad como ejes dentro del bienestar cinético, el cual se compromete en la estancia de las unidades de hemodiálisis renal.
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