El rol global del trasplante renal
Resumen
El Día Mundial del Riñón (DMR), el 8 de Marzo de 2012, brinda la oportunidad de mostrar el éxito del trasplante renal como terapéutica de la insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC) terminal, tratamiento que supera al dialítico por la calidad y cantidad de vida que brinda y su menor costo. Tratamiento más económico y mejor, no es actualmente la terapia dominante, lo que sugiere que debe haber otros inconvenientes que evitan que todo el tratamiento dialítico sea reemplazado por el trasplante. Las barreras para el trasplante universal como terapia de la IRC terminal incluyen las limitaciones económicas que, en algunos países, ubican apropiadamente al trasplante renal como una prioridad menor que otras necesidades fundamentales de la salud pública, como son el acceso al agua potable, el saneamiento ambiental y la vacunación masiva. Aún en países con alto ingreso económico, los desafíos técnicos de la cirugía y las consecuencias de la inmunosupresión restringen el número de receptores adecuados, pero las mayores restricciones sobre las tasas de trasplante renal lo constituyen la escasez de órganos donados y la insuficiencia de recursos humanos médicos, quirúrgicos y de enfermería, con entrenamiento y experiencia adecuados. Estos problemas tienen soluciones que involucran un amplio rango de políticas sociales, profesionales, gubernamentales y políticas. El Día Mundial del Riñón es un llamado a brindar el tratamiento de trasplante al millón de personas por año que tienen derecho a ese beneficio.
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